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In the power system, some inductance and capacitance components can form various oscillation circuits when the system is operated or malfunctions. Under certain energy sources, series resonance phenomenon will occur, causing serious overvoltage in some components of the system. This phenomenon is called power system resonance overvoltage. Overvoltage phenomenon is very common in the power grid, which can cause damage to power facilities and regional power outages at any time, resulting in huge economic losses. Resonant overvoltage occurs most frequently during normal operation, and its harmfulness is also significant. There are several types of resonant overvoltage:
(1) Linear resonance overvoltage
The resonant circuit is composed of inductive elements without iron cores (such as the inductance of transmission lines and leakage inductance of transformers) or inductive elements with iron cores that have excitation characteristics close to linearity (such as arc suppression coils) and capacitive elements in the system.
(2) Ferromagnetic resonance overvoltage
The resonant circuit is composed of inductive components with iron cores (such as no-load transformers and voltage transformers) and capacitive components of the system. Due to the saturation phenomenon of iron core inductance components, the inductance parameters of the circuit are nonlinear. This type of circuit containing nonlinear inductance components will generate ferromagnetic resonance when certain resonance conditions are met.
(3) Parameter resonance overvoltage
A circuit is composed of inductive components with periodic changes in inductance parameters (such as the synchronous reactance of a salient pole generator that varies periodically between Kd and Kq) and system capacitive components (such as no-load lines). When the parameters are matched, energy is continuously transmitted to the resonant system through the periodic changes in inductance, causing parameter resonance overvoltage.